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BME 240

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The Trigger of IVUS

        For the past thirty years, advanced researches of imaging from the heart and vascular tree are studied enormously.  Two lines of research had been investigated, which are invasive and noninvasive.  In 1960s and early 1970s, noninvasive method was the most preferred method for the clinical use of heart and great arteries, where invasive method were not that matured. 

        After the increased understanding of coronary artery diseases, the development of noninvasive method was not as fast as invasive method.  This was because noninvasive method could not have sufficient resolution and penetration depth to give a direct image of smaller size vessel like coronary arteries. 

        Having seen the limitations of noninvasive method, the concept of using ultrasound had been considered as the most logic candidate for intravascular image.  The first trial of using ultrasound to make image of mammalian lumen was done by Cieszynski in 1956, where a single-element echo catheter was used to measure a dogˇ¦s cardiac chamber dimension.  In 1969, the cross-section image of animal cardiac chamber was first reconstructed and reported with ultrasound by Eggleton et al.  In the same year, the first design of cylindrical transducer was first designed by Carelton et al.

        With several attempts and successfulness of invasive ultrasound imaging studies, a lot of academic and industry research groups had put a lot of efforts to study intravascular ultrasound system during middle of 1980s.  The year 1988 was the most exciting year of the field of intravascular ultrasound research.  Mallery et al reported the first image of plaque in vivo with single element catheter, and York et al was the first one report the real-time and two-dimensional image of plaque in animal.  York et al was also the first research group that did the first clinical trial in peripheral vessels.  Dr. York was the key inventor of intravascular ultrasound system, who made IVUS becoming a standard tomographic methods for cardiovascular imaging.

        Dr. York is current a professor of the Martha Meier Weiland Professor of Medicine and Mechanical Engineering in Stanford University, and he is also the Director of the Center for Research in Cardiovascular Interventions and the Biodesign program at Stanford.  

The following are the links to his personal website.

https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/Paul_Yock/

http://innovation.stanford.edu/jsp/global/template2.jsp?id=15

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Comparison of the invasive INVS method and other two non-invasive methods

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