[1]http://www.eorthopod.com/public/patient_education/6495/lumbar_degenerative_disc_disease.html

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intervertebral_disc

[3] V Tranellis, R Haid, “Spinal disc replacement: The development of artificial discs,”Spineuniverse.com,http://www.spineuniverse.com/displayarticle.php/article501.html.

[4] B W Cunningham et al, “Biomechanical evaluation of total disc replacement arthroplasty: An in vitro human cadaveric model,” Spine 28 (October 2003) S110-S117.

[5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Disc_Replacement

[6]Vincent Traynelis, Regis W. Haid, ??“Artificial Discs - The Future is Bright”. http://www.spineuniverse.com/displayarticle.php/article1520.html

[7]http://www.charitedisc.com/

[8] Bajnoczy Susan. “Artificial disc replacement--evolutionary treatment for degenerative disc disease.” AORN journal (2005), 82(2), 192, 195-202, 205-6.

[9] K Foley, “Artificial disc replacement and degenerative disc disease,”,http://www.spineuniverse.com/displayarticle.php/article1681.html

[10] “Artificial disc replacement,” Fabian-Bitan.com, http://www.bitanmd.com/disc.html